{"id":169,"date":"2019-12-12T14:20:16","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T11:20:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/international.usm.md\/?page_id=169"},"modified":"2020-04-27T00:58:31","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T21:58:31","slug":"informatia-utila-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/?page_id=169","title":{"rendered":"Informa\u021bii utile"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Amplasare<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Republica Moldova (Moldova) este un stat situat \u00een sud-estul Europei, \u00een apropiere de centrul geografic al acestui continent. Se \u00eenvecineaz\u0103 cu <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rom%C3%A2nia\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rom\u00e2nia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> la vest \u0219i cu <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ucraina\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ucraina<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> la nord, est \u0219i sud. Republica Moldova este un stat f\u0103r\u0103 ie\u0219ire direct\u0103 la mare, \u00eens\u0103 are ie\u0219ire la <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dun%C4%83re\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dun\u0103re<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pe o f\u00e2\u0219ie de 430 de metri la extremitatea sa sudic\u0103, prin intermediul c\u0103reia are acces poten\u021bial \u0219i la Marea Neagr\u0103. \u021aara ocup\u0103 o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 33.843 km2. Capitala, ora\u0219ul Chi\u0219in\u0103u, este siyuat\u0103 \u00een centrul \u021b\u0103rii<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Clima<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moldova are o clim\u0103 continental\u0103, caracterizat\u0103 prin veri secetoase \u0219i ierni cu v\u00e2nt. Temperaturile de iarn\u0103 sunt deseori sub 0 \u00b0 C (32 \u00b0 F), de\u0219i rareori scad sub -10 \u00b0 C. Vara, temperatura medie este de aproximativ 25 \u00b0 C, cu toate acestea, la mijlocul verii temperaturile ajung uneori la 35 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 40 \u00b0 C \u00een centrul ora\u0219ului. Temperaturile de prim\u0103var\u0103 \u0219i toamn\u0103 variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 16 \u0219i 24 \u00b0 C, iar precipita\u021biile \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 tind s\u0103 fie mai pu\u021bin abundente dec\u00e2t \u00een timpul verii, dar cu perioade de ploaie mai frecvente, de\u0219i mai bl\u00e2nde.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Grupuri etnice<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Popula\u021bia Moldovei este format\u0103 din mai multe grupuri etnice. Predomin\u0103 b\u0103\u0219tina\u0219ii (82,1%) care se pot declara fie \u201cmoldoveni\u201d (75,1%), fie \u201crom\u00e2ni\u201d (7,0%). Ucrainenii \u0219i ru\u0219ii etnici sunt urm\u0103toarele grupuri mari. Mai pu\u021bin de 5% din popula\u021bie sunt g\u0103g\u0103uzi (turci) care tlocuesc \u00een sudul Moldovei, \u00een regiunea\u00a0 autonom\u0103 G\u0103g\u0103uzia. Un alt grup etnic mic, stabilit \u00een sudul Moldovei, sunt bulgarii (2%).,De asemenea, \u00een nordul Moldovei exist\u0103 o comunitate considerabil\u0103 de \u021bigani, sau romi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Limba vorbit\u0103<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limba oficial\u0103 \/ de stat este rom\u00e2na. Circa 75% din popula\u021bie o consider\u0103 limb\u0103 matern\u0103 (inclusiv sub denumirea de \u201e limba moldoveneasc\u0103\u201d). Printre limbile romanice, rom\u00e2na este a cincea dup\u0103 num\u0103rul de vorbitori, \u00een urma <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limba_spaniol%C4%83\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spaniolei<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limba_portughez%C4%83\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">portughezei<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limba_francez%C4%83\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">francezei<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0219i<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limba_italian%C4%83\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">italienei<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rusa este a doua limb\u0103 cea mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een Moldova. Limba rus\u0103 a primit statutul de \u201elimb\u0103 de comunicare interetnic\u0103\u201d (alt\u0103uri de limba de stat).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Religia<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cea mai mare parte din popula\u021bia \u021b\u0103rii, circa 96%, se declar\u0103 cre\u0219tini ortodoc\u0219i\u00a0 comun\u0103 denumire este Ortodoxia, ai c\u0103rei adep\u021bi constituie. De asemenea, alte culte religioase sunt prezente \u00een \u021bar\u0103: catolici, evrei, musulmani, martorii lui Iehova etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cum s\u0103 ajungi \u00een Moldova<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exist\u0103 mai multe modalit\u0103\u021bi de a face acest lucru: cu avionul, trenul sau autobuzul.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cu avionul<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceast\u0103 cale este cea mai rapid\u0103. \u00cen Moldova exist\u0103 un singur aeroport interna\u021bional care este situat \u00een Chi\u0219in\u0103u, capitala \u021b\u0103rii. Spre Chi\u0219in\u0103u regulat se realizeaz\u0103 zboruri directe din Moscova, Bucure\u0219ti, Kiev, Londra, Istanbul, Timi\u0219oara, Viena, Paris, Roma, Praga \u0219i alte ora\u0219e.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pentru a vizita site-ul oficial al aeroportului interna\u021bional Chi\u0219in\u0103u tasta\u021bi <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.airport.md\/homepage-ro\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aici<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cu trenul<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trenul este cel mai ieftin mod de a sosi \u00een Moldova. Spre deosebire de avion, cu trenul pute\u021bi ajunge nu doar \u00een capitala Moldovei, ci \u0219i \u00een alte ora\u0219e ale \u021b\u0103rii. Exist\u0103 trenuri zilnice care conecteaz\u0103 Moldova cu Rom\u00e2nia (Bucure\u0219ti), Ucraina (Odessa \u0219i nu numai) \u0219i Rusia (Moscova, Sankt-Petersburg).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cu autobuzul<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pute\u021bi ajunge \u00een Moldova cu rute regulate de autobuz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Din Ucraina \u0219i Rom\u00e2nia pute\u021bi ajunge \u00een Moldova cu rute, iar din Rusia \u0219i Belarus doar cu transfer \u00een Ucraina. Autobuzele din Ucraina spre Moldova circul\u0103 din ora\u0219ele Izmail, Odessa, Belgorod-Nistru \u0219i Reni. Majoritatea rutelor sunt zilnice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Din Rom\u00e2nia \u00een Moldova cu rute regulate\u00a0 se poate ajunge din ora\u0219ele Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i Ia\u0219i. Zilnic spre Moldova circul\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 9 autobuze,.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Valuta Na\u021bional\u0103<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leul moldovenesc este moneda na\u021bional\u0103 a Republicii Moldova. Un leu este subdivizat \u00een 100 bani. \u00cen momentul de fa\u021b\u0103 sunt disponibile bancnote cu valorile: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 lei \u0219i monede de valori: 5, 10, 25, 50 bani,1 leu ,2 lei, 5 lei, 10 lei.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Capitala<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chi\u0219in\u0103u este capitala, cel mai mare ora\u0219 \u0219i centrul administrativ, teritorial, economic, \u0219tiin\u021bific \u0219i cultural al Republicii Moldova. Amplasat pe \u015fapte coline situate \u00een forma unui cerc, ora\u0219ul este traversat de r\u00eeul B\u00eec. Chi\u0219in\u0103u este cel mai verde ora\u0219 din Europa,<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Din punct de vedere administrativ, Chi\u0219in\u0103ul este un municiupiu care include \u00een componen\u021ba sa cele 5 sectoare ale ora\u0219ului Chi\u0219in\u0103u, \u0219ase ora\u0219e din suburbie \u0219i dou\u0103zeci \u0219i cinci de a\u0219ez\u0103ri, unite \u00een 12 comune.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suprafa\u0163a ora\u015fului Chi\u0219in\u0103u constituie cca 120 km.p., suprafa\u021ba municipiului cca 635 km.p. Chi\u0219in\u0103ul g\u0103zduie\u0219te de 685.900 de locuitori (2017), iar popula\u021bia \u00een \u00eentreaga zon\u0103 metropolitan\u0103 ajunge p\u00e2n\u0103 la 820.000.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chi\u0219in\u0103ul este cel mai prosper centru economic \u0219i cel mai mare nod de transport din Moldova. Chisinaul este si capitala culturala a republicii. \u00cen ora\u0219 activeaz\u0103 11 teatre, 9 muzee, 5 s\u0103li de concerte, 25 universit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i 39 biblioteci<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transport urban<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen Chi\u0219in\u0103u, troleibuzele, autobuzele \u0219i microbuzele \u201cmaxitax\u201di sunt un mijloce de transport convenabile \u0219i ieftine. Tariful pentru troleibuz este de 2 lei per c\u0103l\u0103torie, iar tariful pentru autobuz \u0219i microbuz este de 3 lei per c\u0103l\u0103torie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen ora\u0219 exist\u0103 un num\u0103r mare de companii de taxi. Taxi poat fi comandat telefonic sau printr-o aplica\u021bie de tip ride-hailing (\u00eencerca\u021bi Yandex taxi sau iTaxi). Numerele de telefon ale tuturor companiilor de taxi au 5 cifre \u0219i \u00eencepe cu 14: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">14222, 14428 14008, 14499<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, etc. O c\u0103l\u0103torie medie \u00een centrul ora\u0219ului va costa 50-70 MDL, iar costul unei c\u0103l\u0103torii din centrul ora\u0219ului p\u00e2n\u0103 la aeroport 100-150 lei.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Comunica\u021bii electronice<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Telefonia mobil\u0103 \u00een Moldova este foarte bine dezvoltat\u0103. Cei mai mari operatori sunt Orange \u0219i Moldcell &#8211; ocup\u0103 aproximativ 90% din pia\u021b\u0103. Un alt operator important este Unite, parte a companiei na\u021bionale de telecomunica\u021bii Moldtelecom, dar aceast\u0103 companie folose\u0219te tehnologia CDMA (\u00een loc de GSM, folosit\u0103 de ceilal\u021bi doi operatori). Calitatea semnalului este pu\u021bin mai mic\u0103, dar acoperirea este mult mai mare.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acordurile de roaming exist\u0103 cu majoritatea operatorilor mobili interna\u021bionali. Acoperirea este \u00een general bun\u0103 \u00een toat\u0103 \u021bara.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te internetul, cu referire la viteza de \u00eenc\u0103rcare \u0219i desc\u0103rcarem Moldova se afl\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba multor \u021b\u0103ri occidentale inclusiv Germania, Marea Britanie, Fran\u021ba \u0219i SUA. Pute\u021bi utiliza zonele WI-FI din centrul Chi\u0219in\u0103ului, precum \u0219i \u00een multe cafenele \u0219i restaurante ale ora\u0219ului.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amplasare Republica Moldova (Moldova) este un stat situat \u00een sud-estul Europei, \u00een apropiere de centrul geografic al acestui continent. Se \u00eenvecineaz\u0103 cu Rom\u00e2nia la vest \u0219i cu Ucraina la nord, est \u0219i sud. Republica Moldova este un stat f\u0103r\u0103 ie\u0219ire direct\u0103 la mare, \u00eens\u0103 are ie\u0219ire la Dun\u0103re pe o f\u00e2\u0219ie de 430 de metri&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/?page_id=169\">Cite\u0219te mai mult<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"","author_link":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/?author=1"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Amplasare Republica Moldova (Moldova) este un stat situat \u00een sud-estul Europei, \u00een apropiere de centrul geografic al acestui continent. Se \u00eenvecineaz\u0103 cu Rom\u00e2nia la vest \u0219i cu Ucraina la nord, est \u0219i sud. Republica Moldova este un stat f\u0103r\u0103 ie\u0219ire direct\u0103 la mare, \u00eens\u0103 are ie\u0219ire la Dun\u0103re pe o f\u00e2\u0219ie de 430 de metri&hellip;&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/169"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=169"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":371,"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/169\/revisions\/371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/international.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}